ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟು:Cite news

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Citation Style 1 templates

{{Cite arXiv}}	arXiv preprints
{{Cite AV media}}	audio and visual
{{Cite AV media notes}}	audio and visual liner notes
{{Cite bioRxiv}}	bioRxiv preprints
{{Cite book}}	books
{{Cite conference}}	conference papers
{{Cite encyclopedia}}	edited collections
{{Cite episode}}	radio or television episodes
{{Cite interview}}	interviews
{{Cite journal}}	academic journals and papers
{{Cite magazine}}	magazines, periodicals
{{Cite mailing list}}	public mailing lists
{{Cite map}}	maps
{{Cite news}}	news articles
{{Cite newsgroup}}	online newsgroups
{{Cite podcast}}	audio or video podcast
{{Cite press release}}	press releases
{{Cite report}}	reports
{{Cite serial}}	audio or video serials
{{Cite sign}}	signs, plaques
{{Cite speech}}	speeches
{{Cite techreport}}	technical reports
{{Cite thesis}}	theses
{{Cite web}}	any resource accessible through a URL
See also:
Meta-templates Specific-source templates Wrapper templates

This Citation Style 1 template is used to create citations for news articles in print, video, audio or web.

Usage

Copy a blank version to use. All parameter names must be in lowercase. Use the "|" (pipe) character between each parameter. Delete unused parameters to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples may include the current date. If the date is not current, then the page.

Most commonly used parameters in horizontal format

To cite a news article with a credited author {{cite news |last= |first= |date= |title= |url= |work= |location= |access-date= }} To cite a news article with no credited author {{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title= |url= |work= |location= |date= |access-date= }} To cite an online news article that has been archived {{cite news |last= |first= |date= |title= |url= |dead-url= |work= |location= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= }} To cite a news article written in a foreign language {{cite news |last= |first= |date= |title= |trans-title= |url= |language= |work= |location= |access-date= }} To cite and quote an archived, two-author, foreign language news article re-published as a PDF on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription {{cite news |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title= |trans-title= |url= |dead-url= |format= |language= |work= |location= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |via= |subscription= |quote= }}

Full parameter set in horizontal format

{{cite news |last1= |first1= |author-link1= |last2= |first2= |author-link2= |last3= |first3= |author-link3= |last4= |first4= |author-link4= |last5= |first5= |author-link5= |display-authors= |author-mask= |name-list-format= |last-author-amp= |date= |year= |title= |script-title= |trans-title= |url= |dead-url= |format= |editor1-last= |editor1-first= |editor1-link= |editor2-last= |editor2-first= |editor2-link= |editor3-last= |editor3-first= |editor3-link= |editor4-last= |editor4-first= |editor4-link= |editor5-last= |editor5-first= |editor5-link= |display-editors= |department= |work= |type= |series= |language= |volume= |issue= |others= |edition= |location= |publisher= |publication-date= |agency= |page= |pages= |at= |nopp= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |doi= |doi-broken-date= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |osti= |pmc= |pmid= |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |via= |registration= |subscription= |lay-url= |lay-source= |lay-date= |quote= |postscript= |ref= }}

Most commonly used parameters in vertical format

To cite a news article with a credited author {{cite news | last = | first = | date = | title = | url = | work = | location = | access-date = }} To cite a news article with no credited author {{cite news | author =<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> | title = | url = | work = | location = | date = | access-date = }} To cite an online news article that has been archived {{cite news | last = | first = | date = | title = | url = | dead-url = | work = | location = | archive-url = | archive-date = | access-date = }} To cite a news article written in a foreign language {{cite news | last = | first = | date = | title = | trans-title = | url = | language = | work = | location = | access-date = }} To cite and quote an archived, two-author, foreign language news article re-published as a PDF on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription {{cite news | last1 = | first1 = | last2 = | first2 = | date = | title = | trans-title = | url = | dead-url = | format = | language = | work = | location = | archive-url = | archive-date = | access-date = | via = | subscription = | quote = }}

Full parameter set in vertical format

Vertical list	Prerequisites	Brief instructions / notes
{{cite news | last1 = | first1 = | author-link1 = | last2 = | first2 = | author-link2 = | last3 = | first3 = | author-link3 = | last4 = | first4 = | author-link4 = | last5 = | first5 = | author-link5 = | display-authors = | author-mask = | name-list-format = | last-author-amp = | date = | year = | title = | script-title = | trans-title = | url = | dead-url = | format = | editor1-last = | editor1-first = | editor1-link = | editor2-last = | editor2-first = | editor2-link = | editor3-last = | editor3-first = | editor3-link = | editor4-last = | editor4-first = | editor4-link = | editor5-last = | editor5-first = | editor5-link = | display-editors = | department = | work = | type = | series = | language = | volume = | issue = | others = | edition = | location = | publisher = | publication-date = | agency = | page = | pages = | at = | nopp = | arxiv = | asin = | bibcode = | doi = | doi-broken-date = | isbn = | issn = | jfm = | jstor = | lccn = | mr = | oclc = | ol = | osti = | pmc = | pmid = | rfc = | ssrn = | zbl = | id = | archive-url = | archive-date = | access-date = | via = | registration = | subscription = | lay-url = | lay-source = | lay-date = | quote = | postscript = | ref = }}

• If a field name is listed in the Prerequisites column, it is a prerequisite for the field to the left.

Choosing between {{Cite web}} and {{Cite news}}

Before 2014, editors needed to decide whether to use {{Cite web}} or {{Cite news}} based on their features. In 2014, however, most of the differences between the two templates were eliminated.

As of 29 July 2016, {{Cite web}} and {{Cite news}} have the following differences:

• {{Cite news}} can be used for offline (paper) sources whereas {{Cite web}} generates a missing URL error when no URL is provided
• {{Cite news}} accepts |issue= and |volume= parameters while {{Cite web}} does not (See Help talk:Citation Style 1/Archive 10 § |volume=, |issue=, |page(s)= and cite magazine.)

But given the same set of valid parameters, their output is exactly the same:

Cite web:	Silverman, Dwight (July 15, 2011). "Microsoft envisions a universal OS, but it might not be called Windows". Houston Chronicle. Hearst Corporation. Retrieved May 26, 2015.
Cite news:	Silverman, Dwight (July 15, 2011). "Microsoft envisions a universal OS, but it might not be called Windows". Houston Chronicle. Hearst Corporation. Retrieved May 26, 2015.

Examples

A news article with a credited author

{{cite news |last=Wolford |first=Ben |date=2013-10-16 |title=Citrus Canker Lawsuit Headed Back to Trial |url=http://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/palm-beach/fl-citrus-canker-ruling-20131016,0,7602285.story |work=South Florida Sun-Sentinel |access-date=2013-10-17}}

Displays as:

• Wolford, Ben (2013-10-16). "Citrus Canker Lawsuit Headed Back to Trial". South Florida Sun-Sentinel. Retrieved 2013-10-17.

A news article released by a news agency and having no credited author

{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Bellingham Police Arrest WWU Student in Melee |url=http://blogs.seattletimes.com/today/2013/10/bellingham-police-arrest-wwu-student-in-melee/ |work=The Seattle Times |agency=Associated Press |date=2013-10-17 |access-date=2013-10-17}}

Displays as:

• "Bellingham Police Arrest WWU Student in Melee". The Seattle Times. Associated Press. 2013-10-17. Retrieved 2013-10-17.

A news article that has been archived

{{cite news |last=Pank |first=Philip |date=2013-10-18 |title=Families Accuse Network Rail of Cover-Up |url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/business/industries/transport/article3897709.ece |dead-url=no |work=The Times |location=London |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6KS5scqfE |archivedate=2013-10-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}

Displays as:

• Pank, Philip (2013-10-18). "Families Accuse Network Rail of Cover-Up". The Times. London. Archived from the original on 2013-10-18. Retrieved 2013-10-18.

A news article written in a foreign language

{{cite news |last=Bourmaud |first=François-Xavier |date=2013-10-17 |title=Hollande dans le Bourbier de L'affaire Leonarda |trans-title=Holland in the Quagmire of the Leonarda Case |url=http://www.lefigaro.fr/politique/2013/10/17/01002-20131017ARTFIG00575-hollande-dans-le-bourbier-de-l-affaire-leonarda.php |language=French |work=Le Figaro |location=Paris |access-date=2013-10-17}}

Displays as:

• Bourmaud, François-Xavier (2013-10-17). "Hollande dans le Bourbier de L'affaire Leonarda" [Holland in the Quagmire of the Leonarda Case]. Le Figaro (in French). Paris. Retrieved 2013-10-17.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

A two author news article that you quote and archive, is written in a foreign language and has been re-published as a PDF on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription

{{cite news |last1=Sueiro |first1=Marcos |last2=Guzman |first2=Lucia |date=2012-05-12 |title=El Crimen de Lucia Barranta Será Juzgado por un Jurado Popular |trans-title=Lucia Barranta's Crime Will Be Judged by a Jury |url=http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2013/10/17/espana/6845003888.html |dead-url=yes |format=PDF |language=Spanish |work=El Mundo |location=Madrid, Spain |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6KS7JR04T |archivedate=2012-06-22 |access-date=2012-06-22 |via=Highbeam Research |subscription=yes |quote=Los comparecientes lo harán en calidad de imputados por un delito de homicidio.}}

Displays as:

• Sueiro, Marcos; Guzman, Lucia (2012-05-12). "El Crimen de Lucia Barranta Será Juzgado por un Jurado Popular" [Lucia Barranta's Crime Will Be Judged by a Jury] (PDF). El Mundo (in Spanish). Madrid, Spain. Archived from the original on 2012-06-22. Retrieved 2012-06-22 – via Highbeam Research. (Subscription required (help)). Los comparecientes lo harán en calidad de imputados por un delito de homicidio. CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

Parameters

Syntax

Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters:

• parent
• OR: parent2—may be used instead of parent
  • child—may be used with parent (and is ignored if parent is not used)
  • OR: child2—may be used instead of child (and is ignored if parent2 is not used)

Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if multiple aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show.

By default, sets of fields are terminated with a period (.).

COinS

This template embeds COinS metadata in the HTML output, allowing reference management software to retrieve bibliographic metadata. See Wikipedia:COinS. As a general rule, only one data item per parameter. Do not include explanatory or alternate text:

• Use |date=27 September 2007 not |date=27 September 2007 (print version 25 September)

Use of templates within the citation template is discouraged because many of these templates will add extraneous HTML or CSS that will be included raw in the metadata. Also, HTML entities, for example  , –, etc, should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata. Do not include Wiki markup '' (italic font) or ''' (bold font) because these markup characters will contaminate the metadata.

COinS metadata is created for these parameters

• |periodical=, |journal=, |newspaper=, |magazine=, |work=, |website=, |encyclopedia=, |encyclopaedia=, |dictionary=
• |chapter=, |contribution=, |entry=, |article=, |section=
• |title=
• |publication-place=, |publicationplace=, |place=, |location=
• |date=, |year=, |publication-date=, |publicationdate=
• |series=, |version=
• |volume=
• |issue=, |number=
• |page=, |pages=, |at=
• |edition=
• |publisher=, |distributor=, |institution=
• |url=
• |chapter-url=, |chapterurl=, |contribution-url=, |contributionurl=, |section-url=, |sectionurl=
• |author#=, |author-last#=, |author#-last=, |last#=, |surname#=
• |author-first#=, |author#-first=, |first#=, |given#=
• any of the named identifiers (|isbn=, |issn=, |doi=, |pmc=, etc)

Deprecated

None of the cs1|2 parameters are deprecated.

Description

Authors

• last: Surname of author. Do not wikilink—use authorlink instead. Where the surname is usually written first—as in Chinese—or for corporate authors, simply use last to include the same format as the source. Aliases: last1, author, authors, author1.
  • first: Given or first names of author, including title(s); for example: Firstname Middlename or Firstname M. or Dr. Firstname M., Sr. Do not wikilink—use authorlink instead. Aliases: first1. Requires last; first name will not display if last is empty.
  • OR: for multiple authors, use last1, first1 through last9, first9 for up to nine authors. By default, if nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and "et al." will show in place of the last author. See the display parameters to change. Aliases: author1 through author9.

• authorlink: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author—not the author's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: authorlink1, author-link, author1-link, author1link.
• OR: for multiple authors, use authorlink1 through authorlink9. Aliases: author1-link through author9-link.

• others: To record other contributors to the work, such as Illustrated by John Smith or Translated by John Smith.

When using shortened footnotes or parenthetical referencing styles with templates, do not use multiple names in one field or else the anchor will not match the inline link.

Title

• title: Title of source. Can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article or url may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in quotes. If script-title is defined, title holds romanized transliteration of title in script-title.
  • script-title: Original title for languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc); not italicized, follows italicized transliteration defined in title. May be prefixed with an ISO 639-1 two-character code to help browsers properly display the script:

    ... |title=Tōkyō tawā |script-title=ja:東京タワー |trans-title=Tokyo Tower ...

  • trans-title: English translation of the title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after title; if url is defined, then trans-title is included in the link. Use of the language parameter is recommended.

Titles containing certain characters will display and link incorrectly unless those characters are encoded.

newline	[	]	|
space	[	]	{{!}} (preferred)
	{{bracket|text}}		| or {{pipe}} – see also Help:Table § Rendering the pipe

• title-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the source named in title – do not use a web address; do not wikilink. Alias: titlelink.

• language: The language in which the source is written. Displays in parentheses with "in" before the language name or names. Use the full language name or ISO 639-1 code. When the source uses more than one language, list them individually, separated by commas, e.g. |language=French, German. The use of language names or language codes recognized by Wikimedia adds the page to the appropriate subcategory of Category:CS1 foreign language sources; do not use templates or wikilinks. Note: When the language is "English" (or "en"), no language is displayed in the citation. Note: When two or more languages are listed there is no need to include "and" before the last language. "and" is inserted automatically by the template.

Periodical

• work: Name of the source periodical; may be wikilinked if relevant. Displays in italics. Aliases: journal, newspaper, magazine, periodical, website.
  • issue: When the publication is one of a series that is published periodically. Alias: number. When the issue has a special title of its own, this may be given, in italics, along with the issue number, e.g. |issue=2, ''Modern Canadian Literature''. Displayed in parentheses following volume.
  • department: Title of a regular department, column, or section within the periodical or journal. Examples include "Communication", "Editorial", "Letter to the Editor", and "Review". Displays after title and is in plain text.

When set, work changes the formatting of other parameters:

title is not italicized and is enclosed in quotes.

chapter does not display in this citation template (and will produce an error message).

location and publisher are enclosed in parentheses.

page and pages do not show p. or pp.

edition does not display.

Date

• date: Date of source being referenced. Can be full date (day, month, and year) or partial date (month and year, year). Use same format as other publication dates in the citations. Required when year is used to disambiguate {{sfn}} links to multiple-work citations by the same author in the same year.^[more] Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and is enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after publisher.
• OR:
  • year: Year of source being referenced. Required with some types of {{sfn}} citations;^[more] otherwise use date.
  • month: Name of the month or season of publication. If you also have the day, use date instead. Do not wikilink.
  • origyear: Original publication year; displays after the date or year. For clarity, please supply specifics. For example: |origyear=First published 1859 or |origyear=Composed 1904.

Publisher

• publisher: Name of publisher; may be wikilinked if relevant. The publisher is the company that publishes the work being cited. Do not use the publisher parameter for the name of a work (e.g., a book, encyclopedia, newspaper, magazine, journal, website). Not normally used for periodicals. Corporate designations such as "Ltd", "Inc" or "GmbH" are not usually included. Omit where the publisher's name is substantially the same as the name of the work (for example, The New York Times Co. publishes The New York Times newspaper, so there is no reason to name the publisher). Displays after title; if work is defined, then publisher is enclosed in parentheses.
• place: Geographical place of publication; generally not wikilinked; omit when the name of the work includes the location; examples: The Boston Globe, The Times of India. Displays after the title; if work is defined, then location is enclosed in parentheses. Alias: location
• publication-place: If any one of publication-place, place or location are defined, then the location shows after the title; if publication-place and place or location are defined, then place or location are shown before the title prefixed with "written at" and publication-place is shown after the title.
• publication-date: Date of publication when different from the date the work was written. Displays only if year or date are defined and only if different, else publication-date is used and displayed as date. Use the same format as other dates in the article; do not wikilink. Follows publisher; if work is not defined, then publication-date is preceded by "published" and enclosed in parenthesis.

• agency: The news agency (wire service) that provided the content; examples: Associated Press, Reuters, Agence France-Presse. May be wikilinked if relevant.

Edition, volume

• edition: When the publication has more than one edition; for example: "2nd", "Revised", and so forth. Appends the string " ed." after the field, so |edition=2nd produces "2nd ed." Does not display if a periodical field is defined.

• volume: For one publication published in several volumes. Displays after the title and series fields; displays in bold— if bolding is not desired, then include the volume information in the title field.

In-source locations

• page: The number of a single page in the source that supports the content. Use either |page= or |pages=, but not both. Displays preceded by p. unless |nopp=y.
• OR: pages: A range of pages in the source that supports the content. Use either |page= or |pages=, but not both. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,); do not use to indicate the total number of pages in the source. Displays preceded by pp. unless |nopp=y.
  • nopp: Set to y to suppress the p. or pp. notations where this is inappropriate; for example, where |page=Front cover.
• OR: at: For sources where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient. Overridden by |page= or |pages=. Use only one of |page=, |pages=, or |at=.

Examples: page (p.) or pages (pp.); section (sec.), column (col.), paragraph (para.); track; hours, minutes and seconds; act, scene, canto, book, part, folio, stanza, back cover, liner notes, indicia, colophon, dust jacket, verse.

URL

• url: URL of an online location where the text of the publication can be found. Cannot be used if title is wikilinked. If applicable, the link may point to the specific page(s) referenced. Remove spurious tracking parameters from URLs, e.g. #ixzz2rBr3aO94 or ?utm_source=google&utm_medium=...&utm_term=...&utm_campaign=.... Do not link to any commercial booksellers, such as Amazon.com. See: WP:PAGELINKS.
  • accessdate: Full date when original URL was accessed; use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations; requires url. Do not wikilink. Not required for web pages or linked documents that do not change; mainly for use of web pages that change frequently or have no publication date. Can be hidden or styled by registered editors.
  • archiveurl: The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the url becomes unavailable. Typically used to refer to services like WebCite (see: Wikipedia:Using WebCite) and Internet Archive (see: Wikipedia:Using the Wayback Machine); requires archivedate and url.
    • archivedate: Date when the original URL was archived; preceded by default text "archived from the original on". Use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. This does not necessarily have to be the same format that was used for citing publication dates. Do not wikilink.
    • deadurl: When the URL is still live, but pre-emptively archived, then set |deadurl=no. This changes the display order with the title retaining the original link and the archive linked at the end.
  • template doc demo: The archive parameters will be error checked to ensure that all the required parameters are included, or else {{citation error}} is invoked. With errors, main, help and template pages are placed into Category:Articles with incorrect citation syntax. Set |template doc demo=true to disable categorization; mainly used for documentation where the error is demonstrated.
• format: Format of the work referred to by url; for example: PDF, DOC, or XLS; displayed in parentheses after title. HTML is implied and should not be specified. Does not change the external link icon. Note: External link icons do not include alt text; thus, they do not add format information for the visually impaired.

URLs must begin with a supported URI scheme. http:// and https:// will be supported by all browsers; however, ftp://, gopher://, irc://, ircs://, mailto: and news: may require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided. IPv6 host-names are currently not supported.

If URLs in citation template parameters contain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to be percent-encoded. For example, a space must be replaced by %20. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with:

sp	"	'	<	>	[	]	{	|	}
%20	%22	%27	%3c	%3e	%5b	%5d	%7b	%7c	%7d

Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion.

Anchor

• ref: ID for anchor. By default, no anchor is generated. The ordinary nonempty value |ref=ID generates an anchor with the given ID; such a linkable reference can be made the target of wikilinks to full references, especially useful in short citations like shortened notes and parenthetical referencing. The special value |ref=harv generates an anchor suitable for the {{harv}} template. See: Anchors for Harvard referencing templates.

Identifiers

• id: A unique identifier, used where none of the specialized identifiers are applicable; wikilink or use a template as applicable.

These identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier. In general, the parameters should include only the variable part of the identifier, e.g. rfc=822 or pmc=345678.

• arxiv: arXiv identifier; for example: arxiv=hep-th/9205027 (before April 2007) or arxiv=0706.0001 or arxiv=1501.00001 (since April 2007). Do not include extraneous file extensions like ".pdf" or ".html".
• asin: Amazon Standard Identification Number; if first character of asin value is a digit, use isbn. Because this link favours one specific distributor, only include it if standard identifiers aren't available.
  • asin-tld: ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US; valid values: au, br, ca, cn, co.jp, co.uk, de, es, fr, it, mx
• bibcode: Bibcode; used by a number of astronomical data systems; for example: 1974AJ.....79..819H
• biorxiv: bioRxiv id, a 6-digit number at the end of the biorXiv URL (e.g. 078733 for http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/01/078733 or http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/078733)
• citeseerx: CiteSeerX id, a string of digits and dots found in a CiteSeerX URL (e.g. 10.1.1.176.341 for http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.176.341 )
• doi: Digital object identifier; for example: 10.1038/news070508-7. It is checked to ensure it begins with (10.).
  • doi-broken-date: Date the DOI was found to be non-working at http://dx.doi.org. Use the same format as other dates in the article. Alias: doi_brokendate, doi-inactive-date
• eissn: International Standard Serial Number for the electronic media of a serial publication; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen, but not an en dash or a space. Alias: EISSN
• hdl: Handle System identifier for digital objects and other resources on the Internet. Alias: HDL
• isbn: International Standard Book Number; for example: 978-0-8126-9593-9. (See Wikipedia:ISBN and ISBN § Overview.) Dashes in the ISBN are optional, but preferred. Use the ISBN actually printed on or in the book. Use the 13-digit ISBN – beginning with 978 or 979 – when it is available. If only a 10-digit ISBN is printed on or in the book, use it. ISBNs can be found on the page with the publisher's information – usually the back of the title page – or beneath the barcode as a number beginning with 978 or 979 (barcodes beginning with any other numbers are not ISBNs). For sources with the older 9-digit SBN system, prefix the number with a zero; thus, SBN 902888-45-5 should be entered as |isbn=0-902888-45-5. Do not convert a 10-digit ISBN to 13-digit by just adding the 978 prefix; the last digit is a calculated check digit and just making changes to the numbers will make the ISBN invalid. This parameter should hold only the ISBN without any additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens, with "X" permitted as the last character in a 10-digit ISBN – and the proper check digit. Alias: ISBN
• ismn: International Standard Music Number; for example: 979-0-9016791-7-7. Hyphens or spaces in the ISMN are optional. Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. This parameter should hold only the ISMN without any additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens – and the proper check digit. Alias: ISMN
• issn: International Standard Serial Number; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen, but not an en dash or a space. Alias: ISSN
• jfm: Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik
• jstor: JSTOR reference number; for example: jstor=3793107 will generate JSTOR 3793107.
• lccn: Library of Congress Control Number. When present, alphabetic prefix characters are to be lower case.
• mr: Mathematical Reviews
• oclc: OCLC; WorldCat's Online Computer Library Center
• ol: Open Library identifier; do not include "OL" in the value.
• osti: Office of Scientific and Technical Information
• pmc: PubMed Central; use article number for full-text free repository of a journal article, e.g. pmc=345678. Do not include "PMC" in the value. See also the pmid parameter, below; these are two different identifiers.
  • embargo: Date that pmc goes live; if this date is in the future, then pmc is not linked until that date.
• pmid: PubMed; use unique identifier. See also the pmc parameter, above; these are two different identifiers.
• rfc: Request for Comments
• ssrn: Social Science Research Network
• zbl: Zentralblatt MATH

Quote

• quote: Relevant text quoted from the source. Displays enclosed in quotes. When supplied, the citation terminator (a period by default) is suppressed, so the quote must include terminating punctuation.

Editors

• editor-last: Surname of editor. Do not wikilink—use editor-link instead. Where the surname is usually written first—as in Chinese—or for corporate authors, simply use editor-last to include the same format as the source. Aliases: editor1-last, editor, editors.
  • editor-first: Given or first names of editor, including title(s); example: Firstname Middlename or Firstname M. or Dr. Firstname M., Sr. Do not wikilink—use editor-link instead. Aliases: editor1-first.
  • OR: for multiple editors, use editor1-last, editor1-first through editor4-last, editor4-first for up to four editors.

• editor-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor—not the editor's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: editor1-link.
• OR: for multiple editors, use editor1-link through editor4-link.

Display:

If authors: Authors are first, followed by the editors and the included work, then the main work.

If no authors: Editors appear before the included work; a single editor is followed by "ed."; multiple editors are followed by "eds."; more than three editors will be followed by "et al., eds."

Laysummary

• laysummary: URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source; the URL title is set to "Lay summary".
  • laysource: Name of the source of the laysummary. Displays in italics and preceded by an endash.
  • laydate: Date of the summary. Displays in parentheses.

Display options

• author-mask: Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text. Set author-mask to a numeric value n to set the dash n em spaces wide; set author-mask to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, "with". You must still include the values for all authors for metadata purposes. Primarily intended for use with bibliography styles where multiple works by a single author are listed sequentially. Do not use in a list generated by {{reflist}}, <references /> or similar as there is no control of the order in which references are displayed.
• author-name-separator: Controls the separator between last and first names; defaults to a comma and space (, ); if the parameter is present, but blank, no separator punctuation will be used; a space must be encoded as   do not use an asterisk (*), colon (:) or hash (#) as they will be interpreted as wikimarkup.
• author-separator: Controls the separator between authors; defaults to a semicolon and space (; ); if the parameter is present, but blank, no separator punctuation will be used; a space must be encoded as   do not use an asterisk (*), colon (:) or hash (#) as they will be interpreted as wikimarkup.
• display-authors: Controls the number of author names that are displayed when a citation is published. To control the displayed number of author names, set display-authors to the desired number. For example, |display-authors=2 will display only the first two authors in a citation. By default, the only the first eight cited authors are displayed; subsequent authors beyond eight are represented in the published citation by "et al." If a citation contains nine author names and one wishes all nine author names to display, "et al." may be suppressed by setting |display-authors=9. Aliases: displayauthors.

• lastauthoramp: Switches the separator between the last two names of the author list to space ampersand space ( & ) when set to any value. Example: |lastauthoramp=yes
• postscript: Controls the closing punctuation for a citation; defaults to a period (.); if the parameter is present, but blank, no terminating punctuation will be used. Ignored if quote is defined.
• separator: Controls the punctuation used to separate lists of authors, editors, etc. Defaults to a period (.); if the parameter is present, but blank, no separator punctuation will be used; a space must be encoded as   do not use an asterisk (*), colon (:) or hash (#) as they will be interpreted as wikimarkup.

Subscription or registration required

Citations of online sources that require registration or a subscription are acceptable in Wikipedia as documented in Verifiability – Access to sources. As a courtesy to readers and other editors, editors can signal the access restrictions of the external links included in a citation.

Four access levels can be used:

• free: the source is free to read for anyone (this applies in particular to articles in open access)
• registration: a free registration is required to access the source
• limited: there are other constraints (such as a cap on daily views) to freely access this source
• subscription: the source is only accessible via a paid subscription

As there are often multiple external links with different access levels in the same citation, these values are attributed to a particular external link.

Access level of |url=

Links inserted with |url= are expected to be free to read by default. If not, editors can use one of

• |url-access=subscription
• |url-access=registration
• |url-access=limited

to indicate the relevant access restriction.

Access level of identifiers

Links inserted by identifiers such as |doi= are not expected to offer a free full text by default. If they do, editors can use |doi-access=free (in the case of |doi=) to indicate the relevant access level. The following identifiers are supported:

• |bibcode= with |bibcode-access=free
• |doi= with |doi-access=free
• |hdl= with |hdl-access=free
• |jstor= with |jstor-access=free
• |ol= with |ol-access=free
• |osti= with |osti-access=free

Some identifiers always link to free full texts. In this case, the access level is automatically indicated by the template. This is the case for |arxiv=, |biorxiv=, |citeseerx=, |pmc=, |rfc= and |ssrn=.

Ambiguous access parameters

The parameters |registration=yes and |subscription=yes can also be used to indicate the access level of a citation. However, they do not indicate which link they apply to, so editors are encouraged to use |url-access=registration and |url-access=subscription instead, when the restriction applies to |url=. If the restriction applies to an identifier, these parameters should be omitted.

These parameters add a link note to the end of the citation:

• registration: For online sources that require registration, set |registration=yes (or y, or true); superseded by subscription if both are set.
• subscription: For online sources that require a subscription, set |subscription=yes (or y, or true); supersedes registration if both are set.

Setting |registration= or |subscription= to any value other than y, yes, or true will generate an error message.

TemplateData

This is the TemplateData documentation for this template used by VisualEditor and other tools; see the monthly error report for this template.

TemplateData for Cite news

This template formats a citation to a news article in print, video, audio or web using the provided source information (e.g. author, publication, date) and various formatting options.

Template parameters

This template prefers inline formatting of parameters.

ಪರಿಮಿತಿ		ವಿವರ	ನಮೂನೆ	ಸ್ಥಾನಮಾನ
URL	url URL	The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found. Requires schemes of the type "http://..." or maybe even the  protocol relative scheme "//..." Example https://www.nytimes.com/...	String	ಸೂಚಿಸಲ್ಪಟ್ಟ
Source title	title	The title of the article as it appears in the source; displays in quotes	String	required
Last name	last last1 author author1 authors	The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'.	Unknown	ಸೂಚಿಸಲ್ಪಟ್ಟ
First name	first first1	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'.	Unknown	ಸೂಚಿಸಲ್ಪಟ್ಟ
Source date	date	Full date of the source; do not wikilink	String	ಸೂಚಿಸಲ್ಪಟ್ಟ
Name of publication	work journal magazine periodical newspaper	Name of the newspaper, magazine or periodical; displays after title Example The Wall Street Journal	String	ಸೂಚಿಸಲ್ಪಟ್ಟ
URL access date	access-date accessdate	The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink	String	ಸೂಚಿಸಲ್ಪಟ್ಟ
Archive URL	archive-url archiveurl	The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archivedate'	String	ಸೂಚಿಸಲ್ಪಟ್ಟ
Archive date	archive-date archivedate	Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink	String	ಸೂಚಿಸಲ್ಪಟ್ಟ
Dead URL	dead-url deadurl	If set to 'no', the title display is adjusted; useful for when the URL is archived preemptively but still live	String	ಸೂಚಿಸಲ್ಪಟ್ಟ
Publisher	publisher distributor institution	Name of the parent institution or company that publishes the newspaper, magazine, or periodical; displays after name of the publication Example News Corp	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Agency	agency	The news agency (wire service) that provided the content; examples: Associated Press, Reuters, Agence France-Presse	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Last name 2	last2 author2	The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink2'.	Unknown	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
First name 2	first2	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink.	Unknown	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Others	others	Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Month of publication	month	Name of the month of publication; do not wikilink; use 'date' instead, if day of month is also known	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Year of publication	year	Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Editor last name	editor-last editor-last1 editor1-last editor-surname editor-surname1 editor1-surname editor editor1	The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-last', 'editor', and 'editors'	Unknown	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Editor first name	editor-first editor-first1 editor1-first editor-given editor-given1 editor1-given	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-first'	Unknown	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Editor link	editor-link editor-link1	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-link'	ಪುಟ	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Issue	issue number	Issue identifier when the source is part of a series that is published periodically	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Department	department	Department within the periodical	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Location of publication	location place	Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place; alias of 'place'	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Place of publication	publication-place	Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at'	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Publication date	publication-date	Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Edition	edition	When the publication has more than one edition; for example: '2nd', 'Revised' etc.; suffixed with ' ed.'	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Volume	volume	For one publication published in several volumes	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Page	page	Page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Pages	pages	Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source; displays after 'pp.'	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
No pp	nopp	Set to 'y' to suppress the 'p.' or 'pp.' display with 'page' or 'pages' when inappropriate (such as 'Front cover')	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
At	at	May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Language	language	The language in which the source is written, if not English; use the full language name; do not use icons or templates	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Script title	script-title	For titles in languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc). Prefix with two-character ISO639-1 language code followed by a colon. For Japanese use: |script-title=ja:...	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Translated title	trans-title trans_title	An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Type	type	Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Format	format	Format of the work referred to by 'url'; examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
arXiv identifier	arxiv	An identifier for arXive electronic preprints of scientific papers	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
ASIN	asin	Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
ASIN TLD	asin-tld	ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Bibcode	bibcode	Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
DOI	doi	Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.'	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
DOI broken date	doi-broken-date doi_brokendate doi-inactive-date	The date that the DOI was determined to be broken	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
ISBN	isbn ISBN	International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
ISSN	issn ISSN	International Standard Serial Number; 8 characters; may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
jfm code	jfm	Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
JSTOR	jstor	JSTOR identifier	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
LCCN	lccn	Library of Congress Control Number	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
MR	mr	Mathematical Reviews identifier	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
OCLC	oclc	Online Computer Library Center number	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
OL	ol	Open Library identifier	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
OSTI	osti	Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
PMC	pmc	PubMed Center article number	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
PMID	pmid	PubMed Unique Identifier	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
RFC	rfc	Request for Comments number	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
SSRN	ssrn	Social Science Research Network	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Zbl	zbl	Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
id	id	A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Quote	quote	Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; needs to include terminating punctuation	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Ref	ref	An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references; special value 'harv' generates an anchor suitable for the harv and sfn templates	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Postscript	postscript	The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined; to suppress use reserved keyword 'none' ಮೂಲಸ್ಥಿತಿ .	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Registration	registration	For online sources that require registration, set to 'yes' (or 'y', or 'true'); superseded by subscription if both are set	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Subscription	subscription	For online sources that require subscription, set to 'yes' (or 'y', or 'true'); supersedes registration if both are set	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Last name 3	last3 author3	The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink3'.	Unknown	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
First name 3	first3	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink.	Unknown	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Last name 4	last4 author4	The surname of the fourth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink4'.	Unknown	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
First name 4	first4	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth author; don't wikilink.	Unknown	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Last name 5	last5 author5	The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink5'.	Unknown	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
First name 5	first5	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink.	Unknown	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Last name 6	last6 author6	The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink6'.	Unknown	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
First name 6	first6	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink.	Unknown	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Last name 7	last7 author7	The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink7'.	Unknown	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
First name 7	first7	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink.	Unknown	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Last name 8	last8 author8	The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink8'.	Unknown	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
First name 8	first8	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink.	Unknown	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Last name 9	last9 author9	The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink9'. If nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the last author.	Unknown	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
First name 9	first9	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink.	Unknown	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Author mask	author-mask	Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Author name separator	author-name-separator	Changes the separator between last and first names; defaults to a comma and space; a space must be encoded as   ಮೂಲಸ್ಥಿತಿ ,	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Author separator	author-separator	Changes the separator between authors; defaults to a semicolon and space; a space must be encoded as   ಮೂಲಸ್ಥಿತಿ ;	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Display authors	display-authors displayauthors	number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used;	ಸಂಖ್ಯೆ	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Author link	author-link authorlink authorlink1 author-link1 author1-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors	ಪುಟ	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Author link 2	author-link2 authorlink2	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second author. (Up to nine authors can be listed, 3-9 are toward the end of the parameter list)	ಪುಟ	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Lay URL	lay-url layurl	URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source; alias of 'laysummary'	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Lay source	lay-source laysource	Name of the source of the laysummary; displays in italics, preceded by an en dash	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Lay date	lay-date laydate	Date of the summary; displays in parentheses	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Author link 3	author-link3 authorlink3 author3-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author.	ಪುಟ	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Author link 4	author-link4 authorlink4 author4-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth author.	ಪುಟ	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Author link 5	author-link5 authorlink5 author5-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth author.	ಪುಟ	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Author link 6	author-link6 authorlink6 author6-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author.	ಪುಟ	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Author link 7	author-link7 authorlink7 author7-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author.	ಪುಟ	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Author link 8	author-link8 authorlink8 author8-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author.	ಪುಟ	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Author link 9	author-link9 authorlink9 author9-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author.	ಪುಟ	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Last author ampersand	last-author-amp lastauthoramp	When set to any value, changes the separator between the last two names of the author list to 'space ampersand space'	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Original year	orig-year origyear	Original year of publication; provide specifics	String	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
via	via	Identify the aggregator of the resource that provided the digital version (usually a database provider), when it differs from the publisher (e.g., for The Wikipedia Library) Example EBSCOHost , Proquest, Newspapers.com	Unknown	ಐಚ್ಛಿಕ

See also

This template produces COinS metadata; see COinS in Wikipedia for background information.